M rating is the thread spacing right? Doesn't really help me as I'm not removing the bolt.
The M number is the diameter of the bolt. It just means Metric. Measure the threaded part of the bolt, an M10 should be 10mm(ish) wide. So it fits into a 10mm hole. The hole the bolt actually fits into is less than 10mm of course, to allow for the threads.
Thread spacing is the number that comes after the M number. That's the number of mm between each thread (the pitch)
So M10x 1.25 is a 10mm bolt with 1.25mm between threads.
So you know, different pitches in the same diameter have their own torque settings.
The hardness of the bolt is usually stamped on the bolt head, in numbers or lines going into the corners. The hight the number the harder the bolt. 8.8, 10.9, 12.9 are high tensile. 5.5 is pretty tough, too.
Hope that makes sense.
But those engine mounting bolts, therrs no need to go crazy with torque wrenches. Just do them up tight and be done with it.