Okay, a couple of basics.
The filter element should be rated for the same (or greater) flow in cfm as the engine inlet system can pass. This helps prevent a low pressure zone from being created inside the filter element. The engine ingests air by the difference in pressure outside the throttle body(preferably full atmospheric pressure) and the partial vacuum in the cylinder during intake. If the air outside the throttle body is pulled lower than atmospheric pressure by a restrictive element, then that reduces the available outside pressure to feed the engine.
Also, the internal air volume space inside the filter mesh barrier should be as large as is feasible, and should be at the very least the same as the engine displacement. This allows the engine to take a full "gulp" of air without having to pull air thru the filter mesh. It gets almost an unrestricted gulp from this internal volume, and then the internal volume can re-fill with air during the next 3 engine cycles, and be ready for the next intake gulp.
And, the mesh should be fine enough to filter the particles out of the air at the desired filtration spec, and have enough area to ensure the flow rate even after it has gotten a bit dirty.
A suitably sized pleated paper filter element housed in a properly sized air box is probably the best overall solution. This is why we use this formula in the construction of our Ace Air Canister. It's simple, but it follows the proper design criteria. The factory design has some of the right concepts, but it could be improved. I think it has also been established that the small pod filters like K&N have not given good results in this application due to insufficient internal volume.