The path to reliability in 2 cycle engines involved better cooling. More generous fins transferred and dissipated heat better. These large fins had a tendency to vibrate, which caused a loud ringing, and to amplify other engine sounds such as piston slap from the large tolerances in the bore. Combined, this produced the classic ring-a-ding sound.
Your Enfield has generous fins for the same reason as the older 2 cycles: the fins transfer and dissipate heat. The rubbers are there to dampen the sound. They have no other effect on running or cooling and can be safely removed.
Like me, you guys can't hear the ringing because you are old and have had too much noise in your life. Years of loud motorcycles, loud music, and loud city and industrial sounds have taken their toll on our ears. My kid watches TV on sound level 2. I need level 5 or 6. On the plus side, I sleep better with no noise to distract me.